LadyLee的學習筆記小行星

①一開始可以先看過中文大意
②然後回到原文，逐字逐句閱讀

①一開始可以先看過中文大意
空中英語教室 8/19
木星探測器-朱諾號
Juno's Successful Mission To Jupiter
朱諾超乎預期的表現，讓解密木星的夢想更近一步
Exceeding expectations and awaiting new discoveries
8/19中文翻譯+正文
木星這個龐大的氣態行星讓太陽系裡的其他行星相形見絀。
它有數十顆衛星，其中一顆還具有孕育生命的可能性。
木星系統包括木星的衛星群以及暗淡的行星環，非常美麗也同樣讓人迷惑不解。
科學家長久以來都很想知道，人類有可能從這個神秘巨大的鄰居身上學到什麼。
2011年時，美國太空總署NASA成功發射以太陽能為動力的太空船朱諾，前往探索木星被雲霧層層覆蓋的內部。
NASA替朱諾號籌劃一個為期七年的任務，預計將解開關於木星形成原理以及結構屬性等問題。
「朱諾任務」前五年的時間都耗費在航行穿越太陽系。
終於在2016年，朱諾號抵達了它的主要目標：木星極軌道。
朱諾號準備好對木星展開一連串的近距離觀測。
在首次成功飛掠近木點之後，任務指令便做好準備發動太空船的主要引擎；藉以縮短朱諾軌道運行期為十四天，使太空船得以在2018年前完成任務。
不過，引擎先導檢查卻發現一個問題；一些控制火箭燃料流量的閥門似乎無法好好運作。
如果引擎無法發動，朱諾號可能會脫離航道或甚至墜毀。
②然後回到原文，逐字逐句閱讀--參考學好英文的5大關鍵--
The planet Jupiter, a massive gas giant, dwarfs the other planets in our solar system. It has dozens of moons, one of which could very well support life. The Jovian system, which includes Jupiter's moons and faint rings, is as puzzling as it is beautiful. Scientists have long wondered what we might learn from our mysterious, giant neighbor. In 2011, NASA launched the solar-powered spacecraft Juno to explore Jupiter's cloud-covered interior. NASA had mapped out a 7-year mission for Juno to answer questions about Jupiter's formation and composition.
The first five years of Juno's mission were spent just traveling through our solar system. Finally, in 2016, it reached its main objective: a polar orbit around Jupiter. Juno was set to begin a series of close observations of the planet. After the successful initial flyby, mission command prepared to fire up the spacecraft's main engine. That would shorten Juno's orbital period to 14 days allowing the craft to finish its mission by 2018. But a pre-check of the engine turned up a problem. It appeared some valves that control the amount of fuel that goes to the rocket weren't working properly. If the engine misfired, Juno could go off course or even be destroyed.

(第一段)                The planet Jupiter, a massive gas giant, dwarfs the other planets in our solar system. It has dozens of moons, one of which could very well support life. The Jovian system, which includes Jupiter's moons and faint rings, is as puzzling as it is beautiful. Scientists have long wondered what we might learn from our mysterious, giant neighbor. In 2011, NASA launched the solar-powered spacecraft Juno to explore Jupiter's cloud-covered interior. NASA had mapped out a 7-year mission for Juno to answer questions about Jupiter's formation and composition.

● exceed  (v)勝過；超過
· The police stopped Bernadette when she was driving because she was exceeding the speed limit. 【exceed the speed 超速】
· Because the sales department exceeded their sales goal by more than $60,000, everyone got a small bonus. 【exceed their goal 超越目標 】

● exceed => exceeding 現在分詞
● exceedingly  (ad)非常地；極度地
· Ramona was exceedingly grateful to the doctor for saving her life.【exceedingly grateful 極度感謝萬分感激 】

● dwarf（n）朱儒；矮人。 (pl.複數) dwarves
● dwarf（a）矮小的（植物）
· This tree is a dwarf, so it won't grow more than one meter tall.【dwarf tree 矮喬木】
● dwarf（v.）使相形見絀(ㄔㄨˋ)；使顯得矮小
· The Florence Cathedral, known as the Duomo, dwarfs all the surrounding buildings in Florence.
· Standing 2.286 meters, Tacko Fall of the Boston Celtics dwarfs most other players.顯得矮小
● dwarf    小矮人：白雪公主中的, 真實中有＝ dwarfism 侏儒症（通常在135公分以下）
● gnome  小矮人：電影魔戒中的, 真實中沒有
· Dwarves come from Norse mythology and live in mountains, forests or underground. Norse mythology 北歐神話
· Gnomes come from Renaissance mythology and usually live underground. gnome地精靈 小矮人, mythology神話

● Jupiter / Jove vs. Zeus (希臘神話宙斯Zeus 在羅馬神話裏是Jove或稱Jupiter )

as＋ （adj.）＋as it is ＋（adj.）又～又～
>> It's a great way of saying that two adjectives can equally describe something.這是一個很好的說法，兩個形容詞可以同等地描述某事。
· And it's as puzzling as it is beautiful.又美麗又費疑猜
· This food is as tasty as it is cheap.   又好吃又便宜
>> human like creatures 人們喜歡的生物

(第二段)   The first five years of Juno's mission were spent just traveling through our solar system. Finally, in 2016, it reached its main objective : a polar orbit around Jupiter. Juno was set to begin a series of close observations of the planet. After the successful initial flyby, mission command prepared to fire up the spacecraft's main engine. That would shorten Juno's orbital period to 14 days allowing the craft to finish its mission by 2018. But a pre-check of the engine turned up a problem. It appeared some valves that control the amount of fuel that goes to the rocket weren't working properly. If the engine misfired, Juno could go off course or even be destroyed.

● objective      (n) 目標,目的

● orbit＝track  (n) 軌道
● orbital         (a) 軌道的 orbital period 軌道的周期

● observation  (n) 觀察
● observe        (v) 觀察

● flyby＝fly-past (n) 飛越  a flight past a point, especially the close approach of a spacecraft to a planet or moon for observation.經過一個點的飛行，尤指航天器接近行星或月球以進行觀察

● initial    (a) 開始的,最初的

· His initial reaction was one of shock. 他最初的反應是震驚

● mission command 任務指揮,任務命令
● turn up   （v）令人意外地出現 ＝It kind of happened unexpectedly.

· Going to that garage sale was a great thing, it turned up many treasures for the customers.
· If someone comes late to a party, we might say, oh, look, who turned up! 【這裏 turn up＝show up】

● polar      (a) ① 極地的
· When flying from Asia to North America, most planes take an Arctic polar route.
· Polar ears live in the Arctic, and penguins live in the Antarctic.

● polar      (a) ② 截然相反的
· It is amazing that Ryan and Brenda got married because they seem like polar opposites in everything.

● fire up (phr) ① 生火；點火
All of the racecars at the starting line fired up their engines and got ready to take off. take off 起飛
● fire up (phr) ② 激發；煽動
· Everyone on the soccer team is fired up and ready to play their best against their biggest rival. 【is fired up 蓄勢待發】
· Brad fired up the grill so we could barbeque hot dogs and hamburgers for dinner.【fire up 點燃】

● craft/spacecraft (n) 太空船

● mission accomplished 完成任務 / mission accomplished successfully成功完成任務

● Apollo 13
>> The mission in Apollo 13 was to the Moon. 阿波羅 13 號的任務是登陸月球。
>> Jupiter has 79 moons.  木星有79顆衛星。