2021.8.5 空中英語教室筆記Lesson2>>Intellectual curiosity《求知欲》下－LadyLee的學習筆記小行星

空中英語教室 2021 Aug. Lesson2: PSYCHOLOGY 自我精進系統思考

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>>Did curiosity ever cause you to learn something the hard way as a child, like touching a hot stove or sticking your finger in an electric socket?
● the hard way 吃苦頭後學到

◎Intellectual curiosity is an inclination to acquire knowledge.
求知欲是一種獲取知識的傾向。

Intellectual curiosity is an inclination to acquire knowledge. It is a mental attitude and a posture of active interest toward the world. It is also more deliberate and focused than the unharnessed and occasionally dangerous curiosity of childhood. When we were children, which of us learned the hard way that stoves are hot? But instead of a painful lesson, investing time and energy into learning about a particular thing for a particular purpose reaps professional and relational rewards. One study claims that a "hungry mind" is one of three top factors that influences academic performance.

求知欲是一種獲取知識的傾向。它是一種精神態度，一種對世界積極感興趣的姿態。它也比童年時期未經利用且偶爾危險的好奇心更加深思熟慮和專注。當我們還是孩子的時候，我們當中有誰學會了爐子是熱的？但是，與其付出慘痛的教訓，不如投入時間和精力為特定目的學習特定事物，從而獲得專業和相關的回報。一項研究聲稱，“飢餓的頭腦”是影響學業成績的三大因素之一。

● inclination (n)

①性格上的趨向傾向
ㆍWhen someone asks Jenny to do them a favor, her first inclination is to say yes, but she has learned to think before she answers.
有人請珍幫忙時,她傾向立刻答應,但她已經學會回答前先考慮一下。
ㆍAt university I developed such a strong inclination to learn history that I made it my major.

在大學裡，我產生了強烈的學習歷史的傾向，所以我把它作為專業。

②愛好
ㆍMy musical inclinations have led me to learn to play several instruments.
我因為喜歡音樂,所以去學了些樂器。

● inclination of head (n) 傾斜度,傾斜往下,低頭
ㆍWhen Mr. Sawyer saw the inclinations of many of the children's heads after lunch, he told them to sit back and rest for 15 minutes.
S老師在午餐後,看到很多孩子都低著頭時,就叫他們往後靠著坐休息15分鐘。

● posture (n)
①姿勢,姿態
ㆍDeveloping good posture when you walk and sit is good for your back.
走路和坐下時養成良好的姿勢對背部有益處。

②立場,態度
ㆍSeveral countries in that region developed defensive postures after the area was threatened with invasion.
     在那區域的一些國家遭受侵略威脅之後,就建立了防備的姿態。
ㆍEven though he is the head of a company, Hugh always adopts a humble posture around his parents.
    雖然Hugh是公司的領導者,但在父母面前他總是存著謙卑的姿態。(adopt擺出, adopt that pose擺那個姿勢)
ㆍWhy do you always take an argumentative posture in conversations? It's so annoying!
    為什麼你在談話中總是採取爭論的姿態？太煩人了！

● learn the hard way / (phr.) 透過(自己的)痛苦經驗學到,吃苦頭後學到

● acquire 和以下動詞均含“獲得、取得、得到”之意
ㆍacquire 強調通過不斷的持續的努力而獲得某物，也指日積月累地漸漸地獲得。書面用語
ㆍobtain   較正式用詞，著重通過巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的東西。
ㆍgain      側重指經過努力或有意識行動而取得某種成就或獲得某種利益或好處。
ㆍget       普通用詞使用廣泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要經過努力。
ㆍwin       主要指通過努力、鬥爭、比賽等而獲得勝利。
ㆍearn     側重指依靠自己的勞動或因付出代價與有功而獲得。
ㆍsecure 強調要通過努力或競爭，或需要付出代價才能獲得所渴望的東西。

Curiosity killed the cat.
好奇心殺死貓

A lot of cats get in trouble because of their curiosity. That's why people say curiosity killed the cat when they don't want you to find out more about a certain topic engaged.
很多貓因為好奇心而陷入困境。
這就是為什麼當人們不想讓您了解有關某個話題的更多信息時，
他們會說好奇心害死了貓。
● engage 參與,引起,吸引

西方人用來警告別人，不要問太多或多管閒事，如果太好奇或想知道太多，會惹禍上身喔。

Stop asking him questions - curiosity killed the cat.
別再問他問題了, 再問下去你可能會很慘。因為他可能會翻臉。

Other studies suggest that showing an interest in others will do more for our relationships than showing others how interesting we are.
Intellectually curious people enjoy socializing more and show less aggression in conflicts. Being curious about why others think and feel the way they do helps us empathize.
So ask questions! "How does this work?" "Why do it this way and not another way?" "Why do you feel like that?" "How did you reach that conclusion?" Cultivating intellectual curiosity helps us succeed professionally and also points the way to a friendlier, more interesting world.

其他研究則指出，對他人表示感興趣比向別人展示自己多麼有趣，更有助於改善人際關係。具有求知欲望的人更能享受社交群體活動，遇到衝突時更少現出攻擊挑釁的行為。對別人的想法邏輯以及體會感受感到好奇,有助於我們同理他人。
因此,多問問題吧!「這是如何運作的?」「為什麼要這樣做而不那樣做?」「為什麼你有那種感覺?」「你是怎麼得到那個結論的?」培養求知欲有助我們在專業領域上獲得成功，此外還能指出一條道路，通往一個更友善、更有趣的世界。現代生活壓力常使我們忙到沒有好奇求知的心:但是,求知欲其實可以提升職生涯與人際關係。

◎Other studies suggest that showing an interest in others will do more for our relationships than showing others how interesting we are. 其他研究則指出，對他人表示感興趣比向別人展示自己多麼有趣，更有助於改善人際關係。

● to do + (more/less) + for + (n)
ㆍDrinking water will do more for your health than drinking soda.喝水比喝汽水更有益於健康。
ㆍRiding your bike to work will do more for the environment than taking your car. 騎自行車上班比開車更環保。
ㆍWhen one thing is more beneficial for now and then something else. 當一件事更有益時。

◎Intellectually curious people enjoy socializing more and show less aggression in conflicts.
具有求知欲望的人更能享受社交群體活動，遇到衝突時更少現出攻擊挑釁的行為。

● intellectually (ad)
①智力上,腦力上
ㆍBecause Leo is intellectually challenged, he attends some special classes in the afternoons.
Leo 因為在智力上有障礙,所以他在下午去上一些特殊課程。

②理智上
ㆍIntellectually Grace knows that Ted is bad for her, but emotionally she still wants to be with him.
Grace在理智上知道和Ted在一起不好,但在情感上仍想和他在一起。

● intellectual (a) 有才智的
ㆍWarren is very intellectual, so he should have no problem understanding the professors' discussion on their philosophy of life.
Warren才智很高, 他應該能了解教授在人生哲學上所做的討論。

● aggression (n) 攻撃,挑釁
ㆍPlaying rough sports like hockey and soccer help me deal with my anger and aggression.
參加曲棍球和足球等粗暴運動可以幫助我應對憤怒和攻擊性。

ㆍAggression is a kind of forcefulness it could be seen as kind of threatening behavior or words.
侵略是一種強力，它可以被視為一種威脅的行為或言語。
forcefulness 強力,有力。 threatening(a)威脅的,threaten(v)威脅。

● conflict (n) 衝突可數名詞 conflicts 複數+s
ㆍconflict 這個詞以前常表具體東西的撞擊，現在常指衝突或對立。類似 argument, controversy。

◎Being curious about why others think and feel the way they do helps us empathize.
對別人的想法邏輯以及體會感受感到好奇，有助於我們同理他人。

● empathize (v) 同理, 有同感, 同情

ㆍShannon found it hard to empathize with her sister when she failed her exam because Kara had not studied at all.
Shannon發現妹妹Kara考試不及格, 是因為自己沒讀書時,她很難同情她。
ㆍDealing with disagreement is easier if the people involved can empathize with one another.
如果相關人員能夠相互理解，則處理分歧會更容易。

● empathetic (a) 同理・有同感的
ㆍBecause medicine involves the whole person, medical students take classes on how to be empathetic so they can better relate to their patients. 因為醫學牽涉到全人, 所以醫學院的學生要上課學習如何表達同理心, 這樣才更能同理病人的感受。

● empathy (n) 同理心・同情
ㆍShannon had no empathy for Kara when she found out her sister failed her exam because she hadn't studied.
當Shannon發現妹妹Kara考試不及格, 是因為自己沒讀書, 她很難同情她

"同情" 詞性變化

● empathize (v) 同理, 有同感, 同情

● empathetic (a) 同理・有同感的
● empathy (n) 同理心・同情

◎So ask questions! "How does this work?" 因此，多問問題吧 !「這是如何運作的？」
>>【實用句】這是如何運作的？

◎"Why do it this way and not another way?" 「為什麼要這樣做而不那樣做？」
>>【實用句】為什麼不那樣做？

◎"Why do you feel like that?" 「為什麼你有那種感覺？」
>>【實用句】為什麼你有那種感覺？

◎"How did you reach that conclusion?" 「你是怎麼得到那個結論的？」
>>【實用句】你是怎麼得到那個結論的？

◎Cultivating intellectual curiosity helps us succeed professionally and also points the way to a friendlier, more interesting world.
培養求知欲有助我們在專業領域上獲得成功，此外還能指出一條道路，通往一個更友善、更有趣的世界。

● to cultivate 栽培,培育,培養

ㆍI like that word cultivating when you cultivate something you develop it or you acquire it.
   我喜歡培育這個詞，你培養牠，你發展它，你得到它。
ㆍI use the word "cultivate" when it comes to gardens.
    當談到花園時，我使用培養這個詞。
ㆍPeople need to make sure that their plants are growing properly, they're cultivating a garden.
   人們喜歡他們需要確保他們的植物正常生長，他們種植花園。properly (ad)好好兒地,適當地 /proper(a)適當的
ㆍAnd the idea here is you want to develop your intellectual curiosity that will make for a much more interesting world wealth.
    這裡的想法是你想發展你的求知欲，這將創造一個更有趣的世界財富。